Showing 1-20 of 646 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Psychiatric and substance abuse 
- Acamprosate for alcohol dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2010
Alcohol dependence is among the main leading health risk factors in most developed and developing countries. Therapeutic success of psychosocial programs for relapse prevention is moderate, but could potentially be increased by an adjuvant treatment with
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Antipsychotic medication remains the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and has been in use for a long time. As evidenced by ongoing research and partial effectiveness of the antipsychotics on cognitive and negative symptoms, the search is on for dru
- Acetyl‐l‐carnitine for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2003
Dementia is a common mental health problem affecting 5% of those over 65. Various pathological processes are linked to memory impairment in dementia, particularly those affecting the cholinergic neurotransmitter system. Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) is derived
- Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Although there is a consensus that antidepressants are effective in depression, placebo effects are also thought to be substantial. Side effects of antidepressants may reveal the identity of medication to participants or investigators and thus may bias th
- Acupuncture and related interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2014
Acupuncture and related techniques are promoted as a treatment for smoking cessation in the belief that they may reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms.
- Acupuncture for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2011
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood psychiatric disorder with features of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. There is increasing interest in complementary and alternative therapies such as acupuncture; however, i
- Acupuncture for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairment in social interaction, impairment in communication and lack of flexibility of thought and behavior. Acupuncture, which involves the use of needles or pressure to specific points on the body,
- Acupuncture for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Mar-2018
Depression is recognised as a major public health problem that has a substantial impact on individuals and on society. People with depression may consider using complementary therapies such as acupuncture, and an increasing body of research has been under
- Acupuncture for insomnia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Although conventional non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for insomnia are effective in many people, alternative therapies such as acupuncture are widely practised. However, it remains unclear whether current evidence is rigorous enough to
- Acupuncture for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2014
Acupuncture, with many categories such as traditional acupuncture, electroacupuncture, laser acupuncture, and acupoint injection, has been shown to be relatively safe with few adverse effects. It is accessible and inexpensive, at least in China, and is li
- Aerobic exercise to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2015
There is increasing evidence that physical activity supports healthy ageing. Exercise is helpful for cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems, among others. Aerobic activity, in particular, improves cardiovascular fitness and, based on rece
- Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2020
Enuresis (bedwetting) affects up to 20% of five-year-olds and can have considerable social, emotional and psychological effects. Treatments include alarms (activated by urination), behavioural interventions and drugs.
- Alcohol and drug screening of occupational drivers for preventing injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2009
Workforce alcohol and drug testing is commonplace but its effect in reducing occupational injuries remains unclear.
- Alcohol ignition interlock programmes for reducing drink driving recidivism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
An ignition interlock device is part of a multi-dimensional programme aimed at reducing recidivism in convicted drink drivers. To operate a vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device, the driver must first provide a breath specimen. If the breath
- Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programmes for alcohol dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-May-2009
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an international organization of recovering alcoholics that offers emotional support through self-help groups and a model of abstinence for people recovering from alcohol dependence, using a 12-step approach. Although it is th
- Almitrine-Raubasine combination for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Almitrine-raubasine combination (brand name Duxil), has been considered as an alternative treatment for dementia.
- Alpha lipoic acid for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Oxidative processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative dementias including Alzheimer's disease. Protecting the central nervous system against these damaging mechanisms may be a useful therapeutic approach. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA
- Alpha2‐adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-May-2016
Withdrawal is a necessary step prior to drug-free treatment or as the endpoint of long-term substitution treatment.
- Alprazolam for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2012
The 'off-label' effect of alprazolam on depression has not been systematically evaluated.
- Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Current policy in the UK and elsewhere places emphasis on the provision of mental health services in the least restrictive setting, whilst also recognising that some children will require inpatient care. As a result, there are a range of mental health ser
