Showing 1-20 of 305 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Endocrine and nutrition 
- (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2020
Evidence that antihyperglycaemic therapy is beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus is conflicting. While the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) found tighter glycaemic control to be positive, other studies, such as the Action t
- Acupuncture for lateral elbow pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
This review is one in a series of reviews of interventions for lateral elbow pain. Lateral elbow pain, or tennis elbow, is a common condition causing pain in the elbow and forearm and lack of strength and function of the elbow and wrist. Acupuncture has l
- Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2011
Acute respiratory infection is a common reason for people to present for medical care. Advice to increase fluid intake is a frequent treatment recommendation. Attributed benefits of fluids include replacing increased insensible fluid losses, correcting de
- Airway clearance techniques compared to no airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2023
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited progressive life-limiting disease characterised by the build-up of abnormally thick, sticky mucus affecting mostly the lungs, pancreas, and digestive system. Airway clearance techniques (ACTs), traditionally referred t
- Aldose reductase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.
- Aldose reductase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Polyneuropathy, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, causes pain and sensory and motor deficits in the limbs, and is also an important independent predictor of foot ulceration. Inhibiting the metabolism of glucose by the polyol pathway using aldose
- Alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2018
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGI) reduce blood glucose levels and may thus prevent or delay type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications in people at risk of developing of T2DM.
- Alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose or miglitol, have the potential to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The true value of these agents, especially in relation to diabetes related mortality and morbidity, has never been inves
- Amphotericin B lipid soluble formulations versus amphotericin B in cancer patients with neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2014
Patients with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy or receive a bone marrow transplant have an increased risk of acquiring fungal infections. Such infections can be life-threatening. Antifungal drugs are therefore often given prophylactically to such
- Anabolic steroids for the treatment of weight loss in HIV‐infected individuals
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Individuals with HIV infection often lose weight during the course of their disease. Furthermore, low serum concentrations of testosterone are common in individuals with HIV infection, particularly those with weight loss. Treatment of weight loss with ana
- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIRA) are considered to be equally effective for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but renal and not mortality outcomes have usually been considered.
- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Renal disease is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus.
- Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2015
Gestational weight gain is positively associated with fetal growth, and observational studies of food supplementation in pregnancy have reported increases in gestational weight gain and fetal growth.
- Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2017
Respiratory tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs in most people with cystic fibrosis. Once chronic infection is established, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is virtually impossible to eradicate and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity
- Antifungal therapies for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2022
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an allergic reaction to colonisation of the lungs with the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, and affects around 10% of people with cystic fibrosis. ABPA is associated with an accelerated decline in lung functi
- Antihypertensive agents for preventing diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Aug-2013
Various blood pressure-lowering agents, and particularly inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), are widely used for people with diabetes to prevent the onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This is an updat
- Antihypertensive therapy for preventing cardiovascular complications in people with diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are closely associated diseases which are both strongly related to the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Anti‐inflammatory drugs and analgesics for managing symptoms in people with cystic fibrosis‐related arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2016
Arthritis remains a relatively infrequent complication of cystic fibrosis, but is a cause of significant morbidity when it does occur. Two distinct types of arthritis are described in cystic fibrosis: cystic fibrosis-related arthropathy (CFA) and hypertro
- Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2008
Oxidative stress may cause gastrointestinal cancers. The evidence on whether antioxidant supplements are effective in preventing gastrointestinal cancers is contradictory.
- Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Our systematic review has demonstrated that antioxidant supplements may increase mortality. We have now updated this review.
