Showing 1-20 of 752 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pharmacotherapeutics 
- Acetaminophen for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. Published guidelines and expert opinion are divided over the relative role of acetaminophen (also called paracetamol or Tylenol) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as first-line pha
- Acid reflux treatment for hoarseness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2015
Acid reflux is a common problem, and is thought to occur in 4% to 10% of patients presenting to ENT clinics. A recent study of reflux and voice disorders suggests that up to 55% of patients with hoarseness (dysphonia) have laryngopharyngeal reflux. Anti-r
- Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Although there is a consensus that antidepressants are effective in depression, placebo effects are also thought to be substantial. Side effects of antidepressants may reveal the identity of medication to participants or investigators and thus may bias th
- Addition of anti‐leukotriene agents to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Anti-leukotriene (AL) agents are being considered as 'add-on' therapy to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), in chronic asthma.
- Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta2‐agonists in adults with acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Asthma is a chronic condition in which sufferers may have occasional or frequent exacerbations resulting in visits to the emergency department (ED). Aminophylline has been used extensively to treat exacerbations in acute asthma settings; however, it's rol
- Addition of long‐acting beta2‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids versus same dose inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2010
Long-acting inhaled ß2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) are recommended as 'add-on' medication to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the maintenance therapy of asthmatic adults and children aged two years and above.
- Addition of long‐acting beta2‐agonists to inhaled steroids as first line therapy for persistent asthma in steroid‐naive adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Consensus statements recommend the addition of long-acting inhaled ß2-agonists (LABA) only in asthmatic patients who are inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It is not uncommon for some patients to be commenced on ICS and LABA togethe
- Addition of long‐acting beta2‐agonists to inhaled steroids versus higher dose inhaled steroids in adults and children with persistent asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2010
In asthmatic patients inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids and/or those with moderate persistent asthma, two main options are recommended: the combination of a long-acting inhaled ß2 agonist (LABA) with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or use o
- Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2014
Asthma patients who continue to experience symptoms despite taking regular inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) represent a management challenge. Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) and anti-leukotrienes (LTRA) are two treatment options that could be considered as
- Additional bedtime H2‐receptor antagonist for the control of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough (NAB) is defined as intragastric pH<4 for more than one continuous hour overnight. Adding H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) at bedtime to high-dose proton pump inhibitors is likely to enhance nocturnal gastric pH control
- Adjunctive corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2015
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) remains the most common opportunistic infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among patients with HIV infection and PCP the mortality rate is 10% to 20% during the initial infectio
- Adjuvant antiviral therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published in Issue 4, 2005 of The Cochrane Library and previously updated in 2010.
- Aerosolized diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Lung disease in preterm infants is often complicated with lung edema.
- Agents for ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in ovulatory women with infertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2021
Intrauterine insemination (IUI), combined with ovarian stimulation (OS), has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for infertile couples. Several agents for ovarian stimulation, combined with IUI, have been proposed, but it is still not clear whi
- Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2020
Enuresis (bedwetting) affects up to 20% of five-year-olds and can have considerable social, emotional and psychological effects. Treatments include alarms (activated by urination), behavioural interventions and drugs.
- Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2011
Osteoporosis is an abnormal reduction in bone mass and bone deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Alendronate belongs to the bisphosphonate class of drugs, which act to inhibit bone resorption by interfering with the activity of osteoclasts.
- Aminosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-1999
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of premature death and disability. Post-traumatic membrane lipid peroxidation has been proposed as one mechanism leading to secondary brain damage following head injury. Aminosteroids have been shown to inhibit li
- Amisulpride for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
The treatment of schizophrenia with old, 'typical' antipsychotic drugs such as haloperidol can be problematic, because many people treated with these drugs will suffer from movement disorders. Amisulpride is said to be an "atypical" antipsychotic which in
- Amitriptyline for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2008
For many years amitriptyline has been considered one of the reference compounds for the pharmacological treatment of depression. However, new tricyclic drugs, heterocyclic compounds and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been introduced on the m
- Amphotericin B versus fluconazole for controlling fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2014
Systemic fungal infection is considered to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, particularly those with neutropenia. Antifungal drugs are often given prophylactically, or empirically to patients with persistent fever.
