Showing 141-160 of 415 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Perinatal and infant 
- Fibreoptic phototherapy for neonatal jaundice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Phototherapy is used to treat newborn infants with hyperbilirubinaemia. Fibreoptic phototherapy is a new mode of phototherapy which is reported to lower serum bilirubin (SBR) while minimising disruption of normal infant care.
- Flow-cycled versus time-cycled synchronized ventilation for neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2010
Synchronized ventilation of neonates is standard care in industrialized countries. Both flow-cycled and time-cycled modes of synchronized ventilation are in widespread use for assisted ventilation of neonates.
- Fluid restriction and prophylactic indomethacin versus prophylactic indomethacin alone for prevention of morbidity and mortality in extremely low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jun-2011
Although survival of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants has dramatically improved over the last decades, the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not changed. The use of indomethacin prophylaxis in ELBW infants results in improved short-ter
- Fluid restriction for term infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Current recommendations to control the consequences of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia include the careful management of fluids, with avoidance of fluid overload and thus avoidance of cerebral oedema. Recommendations for flui
- Fluids and diuretics for acute ureteric colic
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2012
Acute ureteric colic is commonly associated with severe and debilitating pain. Theoretically, increasing fluid flow through the affected kidney might expedite stone passage, thereby improving symptoms more quickly. The efficacy and safety of interventions
- Formula milk versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
When sufficient maternal breast milk is not available, the alternative sources of enteral nutrition for preterm or low birth weight infants are donor breast milk or artificial formula milk. Feeding preterm or low birth weight infants with formula milk mig
- Formula milk versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Maternal breast milk may contain less nutrients than artificial formula milk but may confer important non-nutrient advantages for preterm or low birth weight infants.
- Formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Allergies and food reactions are common and may be associated with foods including adapted cow's milk formula. Formulas containing hydrolysed proteins have been used to treat infants with allergy or food intolerance. However, it is unclear whether hydroly
- Furosemide for transient tachypnea of the newborn
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Transient tachypnea of the newborn results from delayed clearance of lung liquid and is a common cause of admission of full term infants to neonatal intensive care units. The condition is particularly common after elective Caesarean section. Conventional
- Gastrostomy feeding versus oral feeding alone for children with cerebral palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) can be significantly disabled in terms of their ability to suck, chew and swallow. This can lead to significant impairment in feeding ability and, eventually, to under-nutrition. It can also result in aspiration of food i
- G-CSF and GM-CSF for treating or preventing neonatal infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
The colony stimulating factors (CSFs), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), are naturally occurring cytokines that stimulate the production and antibacterial function of neutrophils a
- Giving women their own case notes to carry during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2011
In many countries women are given their own case notes to carry during pregnancy so as to increase their sense of control and satisfaction with their care.
- Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-May-2012
Endogenous glutamine biosynthesis may be insufficient to meet the needs of people with severe gastrointestinal disease. Studies using experimental animal models and controlled trials in adult patients with severe gastrointestinal disease have suggested th
- Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2012
Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid. Endogenous biosynthesis may be insufficient for tissue needs in states of metabolic stress. Evidence exists that glutamine supplementation improves clinical outcomes in critically ill adults. It has been
- Gowning by attendants and visitors in newborn nurseries for prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Overgowns are widely used in newborn nurseries and neonatal intensive care units. It is thought that gowns may help to prevent the spread of nosocomial infection and serve as a reminder to staff and visitors to wash their hands before contact with the inf
- Gradual versus abrupt discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
The issue of whether to abruptly or gradually discontinue supplemental oxygen is a contentious one. There have been mixed results in studies of both humans and animal models on the effects of either method of oxygen cessation on important infant outcomes.
- Granulocyte transfusions for neonates with confirmed or suspected sepsis and neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2011
Neonates have immature granulopoiesis, which frequently results in neutropenia after sepsis. Neutropaenic septic neonates have a higher mortality than non-neutropenic septic neonates. Therefore, granulocyte transfusion to septic neutropenic neonates may i
- Group-based parent-training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in children from birth to three years old
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
Emotional and behavioural problems in children are common. Research suggests that parenting has an important role to play in helping children to become well-adjusted, and that the first few months and years are especially important. Parenting programmes m
- Heparin for prolonging peripheral intravenous catheter use in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Mechanical or infectious complications often necessitate their removal and/or replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters. Heparin has been shown to be effective in prolonging the patency of peripheral arterial catheters and central venous catheters,
- Heparin-bonded catheters for prolonging the patency of central venous catheters in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2011
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are a mainstay in the management of critically ill children. However, these catheters are associated with mechanical and infectious complications which reduce their life span. Heparin bonding of catheters has shown promise
