Showing 1221-1240 of 1270 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Treatments for adults with prominent lower front teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2012
Prominent lower front teeth may be associated with a large or prognathic lower jaw (mandible) or a small or retrusive upper jaw (maxilla). Edward Angle, who may be considered the father of modern orthodontics, classified the malocclusion in this situation
- Tricyclic and related drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Enuresis (bedwetting) is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects around 15 to 20% of five year olds, and up to 2% of young adults.
- Tricyclic drugs for depression in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2010
There is a need to identify effective and safe treatments for depression in children and adolescents. While tricyclic drugs are effective in treating depression in adults, individual studies involving children and adolescents have been equivocal.
- Type of incision for below knee amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2008
Below knee amputation (BKA) may be necessary in patients with advanced critical limb ischaemia or diabetic foot sepsis in whom no other treatment option is available. There is no consensus as to which surgical technique achieves the maximum rehabilitation
- Types of indwelling urinary catheters for long-term bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Prolonged urinary catheterisation is common amongst people in long-term care settings and this carries a high risk of developing a catheter-related urinary tract infection and associated complications. A variety of different kinds of urethral catheters ar
- Types of progestogens in combined oral contraception: effectiveness and side-effects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2011
The progestogen component of combined oral contraceptives (COC) has undergone changes since it was first recognised that it's chemical structure could influence the spectrum of minor adverse and beneficial effects. The major determinants of effectiveness
- Types of urethral catheters for management of short-term voiding problems in hospitalised adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2010
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common hospital acquired infection. The major associated cause is indwelling urinary catheters. Currently there are many types of catheters available. A variety of specialised urethral catheters have been designed
- Urinary catheter policies for short-term bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Indwelling urinary catheters are often used for bladder drainage during hospital care. Urinary tract infection is a common complication. Other issues that should be considered when choosing an approach to catheterisation are patients' comfort, other compl
- Ursodeoxycholic acid for cystic fibrosis-related liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2010
Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease peaks in adolescence with up to 20% of people with cystic fibrosis developing chronic liver disease. Early changes in the liver may ultimately result in end-stage liver disease with people needing transplantation. One
- Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2008
Primary biliary cirrhosis is an uncommon autoimmune liver disease with unknown aetiology. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been used for primary biliary cirrhosis, but the effects remain controversial.
- Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2011
Surgical site infection has been estimated to occur in about 15% of clean surgery and 30% of contaminated surgery. Using plastic adhesive drapes to protect the wound from organisms that may be present on the surrounding skin during surgery is one strategy
- Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2011
Mumps, measles and rubella (MMR) are serious diseases that can lead to potentially fatal illness, disability and death. However, public debate over the safety of the trivalent MMR vaccine and the resultant drop in vaccination coverage in several countries
- Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2010
Injected cholera vaccines are rarely used today, although they may have some benefit. It is valuable to summarize the evidence for effectiveness of injected cholera vaccines for comparison with newer oral vaccines (subject of a separate Cochrane Review).
- Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in health-care workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for health-care workers.
- Vaccines for preventing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis results in progressive lung damage. Once colonisation of the lungs with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs, it is almost impossible to eradicate. Vaccines, aimed at reducing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2010
Different types of influenza vaccines are currently produced worldwide. Healthy adults are presently targeted mainly in North America.
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2012
The consequences of influenza in children and adults are mainly absenteeism from school and work. However, the risk of complications is greatest in children and people over 65 years of age.
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2008
Influenza vaccination is recommended for asthmatic patients in many countries as observational studies have shown that influenza infection can be associated with asthma exacerbations, but influenza vaccination itself has the potential to adversely affect
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jun-2011
Viral respiratory tract infections in people with cystic fibrosis have a deteriorating effect on their lung function and disease progression. Annual influenza vaccination is therefore commonly recommended for people with cystic fibrosis.
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2010
Vaccines have been the main global weapon to minimise the impact of influenza in the elderly for the last four decades and are recommended worldwide for individuals aged 65 years or older. The primary goal of influenza vaccination in the elderly is to red
