Showing 101-120 of 565 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pregnancy and childbirth 
- Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2010
Techniques to minimize the postoperative discomfort of penile surgery, such as circumcision, include caudal block; penile block; systemic opioids and topical local anaesthetic cream, emulsion or gel.
- Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2012
Moxibustion (a type of Chinese medicine which involves burning a herb close to the skin) to the acupuncture point Bladder 67 (BL67) (Chinese name Zhiyin), located at the tip of the fifth toe, has been proposed as a way of correcting breech presentation.
- Cephalic version by postural management for breech presentation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2012
Babies with breech presentation (bottom first) are at increased risk of complications during birth, and are often delivered by caesarean section. The chance of breech presentation persisting at the time of delivery, and the risk of caesarean section, can
- Cervical assessment by ultrasound for preventing preterm delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2013
Measurement of cervical length (CL) by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) is predictive of preterm birth (PTB). It is unclear if this screening test is effective for prevention of PTB.
- Cervical cap versus diaphragm for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2012
The cervical cap and the diaphragm are vaginal barrier contraceptive methods that prevent pregnancy by covering the cervix. The two devices also act as a reservoir for spermicide. The cervical cap is smaller and can remain in place longer than the diaphra
- Cervical insemination versus intra-uterine insemination of donor sperm for subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Insemination with donor sperm is an option for couples for whom in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been unsuccessful, couples with azoospermia and for single women or same sex couples. Insemination of sperm can be
- Cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Apr-2013
Preterm birth is a major health problem and contributes to more than 50% of the overall perinatal mortality. Preterm birth has multiple risk factors including cervical incompetence and multiple pregnancy. Different management strategies have been tried to
- Cervical preparation for first trimester surgical abortion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Preparing the cervix prior to surgical abortion is intended to make the procedure both easier and safer. Options for cervical preparation include osmotic dilators and pharmacologic agents. Many formulations and regimens are available, and recommendations
- Cervical preparation for second trimester dilation and evacuation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jun-2010
Abortion during the second trimester of pregnancy accounts for 10-15% of abortions performed worldwide. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is the preferred method of second-trimester abortion in most parts of the developed world. Cervical preparation is recomm
- Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing pregnancy loss in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jan-2010
A cervical stitch has been used to prevent preterm deliveries in women with previous second trimester pregnancy losses, or other risk factors such as short cervix on digital or ultrasound examination.
- Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Feb-2012
Cervical cerclage is a well-known surgical procedure carried out during pregnancy. It involves positioning of a suture (stitch) around the neck of the womb (cervix), aiming to give a mechanical support to the cervix and thereby reducing the risk of preter
- Cesarean delivery for the prevention of anal incontinence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jan-2010
Caesarean delivery (CD) is a common form of delivery of a baby, rising in frequency. One reason for its performance is to preserve maternal pelvic floor function, part of which is anal continence.
- Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2011
Traditionally Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used widely in Chinese hospitals to treat ectopic pregnancy. Many studies have been published supporting its use but the evidence has not been systematically reviewed. This is and update of the review p
- Chinese herbal medicines for threatened miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2012
Threatened miscarriage occurs in 10% to 15% of all pregnancies. Vaginal spotting or bleeding during early gestation is common, with nearly half of those pregnancies resulting in pregnancy loss. To date, there is no effective preventive treatment for threa
- Chinese herbal medicines for treating pre-eclampsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) considers that, when a woman is pregnant, most of the blood of the mother is directed to the placenta to provide the baby with the required nutrition, As a consequence, other maternal organs may be vulnerable to damage.
- Choice of instruments for assisted vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2010
Instrumental or assisted vaginal birth is commonly used to expedite birth for the benefit of either mother or baby or both. It is sometimes associated with significant complications for both mother and baby. The choice of instrument may be influenced by c
- Clomiphene and anti-oestrogens for ovulation induction in PCOS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2009
Subfertility due to anovulation is a common problem in women. First-line oral treatment is with anti-oestrogens, for example clomiphene citrate, but resistance (failure to ovulate) may be apparent with clomiphene. Alternative and adjunctive treatments hav
- Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
The administration of clomiphene citrate is followed by an enhanced release of pituitary gonadotropins resulting in follicular recruitment. After the drug is stopped, there is continuing secretion of estradiol, selection of the dominant follicle and, in s
- Closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum at caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2010
Caesarean section is a very common surgical procedure worldwide. Suturing the peritoneal layers at caesarean section may or may not confer benefit, hence the need to evaluate whether this step should be omitted or not.
- Coasting (withholding gonadotrophins) for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2011
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic and potentially life threatening condition resulting from excessive ovarian stimulation. Reported incidence varies from 1% to 10% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. The factors contributing to
