Showing 661-680 of 711 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Musculoskeletal 
- Thiazide diuretics and the risk of hip fracture
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
Thiazide diuretics are one of the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive agents worldwide. Thiazides reduce urinary calcium excretion. Chronic ingestion of thiazides is associated with higher bone mineral density. It has been suggested that thiazides m
- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone added to corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Thyrotropin-releasing hormones (TRH) added to prenatal corticosteroids had been suggested as a way to further reduce breathing problems and neonatal lung disease in infants born preterm.
- Tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2010
Tocilizumab, a new biologic that inhibits interleukin-6, is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Europe, Japan and the US.
- Topical capsaicin for chronic neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Topical creams with capsaicin are used to treat pain from a wide range of chronic conditions including neuropathic pain. Following application to the skin capsaicin causes enhanced sensitivity to noxious stimuli, followed by a period with reduced sensitiv
- Topical corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for bacterial keratitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2008
Bacterial keratitis is a serious ocular infectious disease that can lead to severe visual disability. Risk factors for bacterial corneal infection include contact lens wear, ocular surface disease, corneal trauma and previous ocular or eyelid surgery. Top
- Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2010
For many years, topical use of fluorides has gained greater popularity than systemic use of fluorides. A possible adverse effect associated with the use of topical fluoride is the development of dental fluorosis due to the ingestion of excessive fluoride
- Topical glyceryl trinitrate for rotator cuff disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Rotator cuff disease is a common cause of shoulder pain. Topical glyceryl trinitrate is a possible new treatment.
- Topical lidocaine for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
This is an update of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 2, 2007. The cause of postherpetic neuralgia is damage to peripheral neurons, dorsal root ganglia, and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, secondary to herpes zoster infection (shingles)
- Topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Allergic rhinitis is a very common chronic illness affecting 10% to 40% of children worldwide. There has been a significant increase in prevalence among children over the last two decades and this increase has been accompanied by a parallel increase in co
- Topical NSAIDs for acute pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jun-2012
Use of topical NSAIDs to treat acute musculoskeletal conditions is widely accepted in some parts of the world, but not in others. Their main attraction is their potential to provide pain relief without associated systemic adverse events.
- Topical pimecrolimus for eczema
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2009
Pimecrolimus was developed as an alternative to topical corticosteroids for treating eczema (atopic dermatitis) but its efficacy and safety compared with existing treatments remains unclear.
- Topical rubefacients for acute and chronic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2011
Rubefacients (containing salicylates or nicotinamides) cause irritation of the skin, and are believed to relieve various musculoskeletal pains. They are available on prescription, and are common components in over-the-counter remedies. A non-Cochrane revi
- Traction for low-back pain with or without sciatica
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Traction is used to treat low-back pain (LBP), often with other treatments.
- Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2010
Historically, corticosteroids have been the most commonly used class of medication for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (CD). Corticosteroids down regulate production of inflammatory cytokines and interfere with NF-?B production, thereby blunting
- Tramadol for neuropathic pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2009
Peripheral neuropathic pains often include symptoms such as burning or shooting sensations, abnormal sensitivity to normally painless stimuli, or an increased sensitivity to normally painful stimuli. Neuropathic pain is a common symptom in many diseases o
- Tramadol for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Tramadol is increasingly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis because, in contrast to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), tramadol does not produce gastrointestinal bleeding or renal problems, and does not affect articular cartilage.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was introduced as a neurophysiological technique in 1985 when Anthony Barker and his team developed a compact machine that permitted non-invasive stimulation of the cerebral cortex (Barker 1985). Since its introduct
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Transcranial magnetic stimulation can either excite or inhibit cortical areas of the brain, depending on whether the speed of the repetitive stimulation is applied at high or low frequencies. It has been used for physiological studies and it has also been
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2009
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a popular pain treatment modality but its effectiveness in chronic pain management is unknown. This review is an update of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 3, 2001.
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the hand
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, system disease. It commonly affects the small peripheral joints (such as fingers and wrist). The main goals of intervention for RA are preventing joint deformity, preserving joint function, and reducin
