Showing 441-460 of 484 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a surgical procedure performed to maintain nutrition in the short- or long-term. During the procedure, a feeding tube that delivers either a liquid diet, or medication, via a clean or sterile delivery system, i
- Systemic prokinetic pharmacologic treatment for postoperative adynamic ileus following abdominal surgery in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2009
Postoperative adynamic bowel atony interferes with recovery following abdominal surgery. Prokinetic pharmacologic drugs are widely used to accelerate postoperative recovery.
- Tamoxifen for early breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2008
There have been many randomised trials of adjuvant tamoxifen among women with early breast cancer, and an updated overview of their results is presented.
- Tamoxifen for hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver cancer) is the third commonest cause of cancer mortality world-wide. Survival is poor for patients with advanced disease. Trials of tamoxifen for hepatocellular carcinoma have conflicting results.
- Techniques of flushing and reperfusion for liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2012
Various techniques of flushing and reperfusion have been advocated to improve outcomes after liver transplantation. There is considerable uncertainty as to which method is superior.
- Tegaserod for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2008
IBS is a complex disorder that encompasses a wide profile of symptoms. The symptoms of chronic constipation frequently resemble those of constipation-predominant IBS. Current drug treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are of limited value. Many ta
- Terlipressin for acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Terlipressin (triglycyl lysine vasopressin) is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, which has been used in the treatment of acute variceal haemorrhage. In contrast to vasopressin, terlipressin can be administered as intermittent injections instead of cont
- Terlipressin for hepatorenal syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Terlipressin may reverse some of the circulatory changes associated with hepatorenal syndrome.
- Thalidomide and thalidomide analogues for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2009
Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing condition of the alimentary tract with a high morbidity secondary to bowel inflammation. High levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) have been associated with the development of intestinal inflammation in Cro
- Thalidomide and thalidomide analogues for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2009
Maintenance of remission is a major issue in the management of Crohn's disease. Thalidomide, a tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) inhibitor and its analogue, lenalidomide, may have a role in the management of Crohn's disease, but it is not clear whether
- Three dimensional versus two dimensional imaging for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2010
The benefits and harms of three dimensional imaging versus traditional two dimensional imaging for laparoscopic cholecystectomy are not known.
- TIPS versus paracentesis for cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Refractory ascites (ie, ascites that cannot be mobilized despite sodium restriction and diuretic treatment) occurs in 10 per cent of patients with cirrhosis. It is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality with a one-year survival rate of less t
- Topical anaesthetic or vasoconstrictor preparations for flexible fibre-optic nasal pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Nasal pharyngolaryngoscopy (NPL) is performed as an outpatient and inpatient procedure on a daily basis, for a variety of indications. It frequently causes some degree of discomfort to the patient. Various different topical agents, which are intended to r
- Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2008
Topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of varnish, gel, mouthrinse or toothpaste has been used extensively as a caries-preventive intervention for over 3 decades.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine herbs for stopping bleeding from haemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Aug-2010
Haemorrhoids is a common perianal disease, which often causes haematochezia. Besides a surgical operation or minimally invasive treatment, a variety of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (TCMHs) have been used to treat bleeding haemorrhoids.
- Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2010
Historically, corticosteroids have been the most commonly used class of medication for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (CD). Corticosteroids down regulate production of inflammatory cytokines and interfere with NF-?B production, thereby blunting
- Tranexamic acid for upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2011
Tranexamic acid reduces haemorrhage through its antifibrinolytic effects. In a previous version of the present review, we found that tranexamic acid may reduce mortality. The present review includes updated searches of randomised trials on tranexamic acid
- Transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) vs totally extraperitoneal (TEP) laparoscopic techniques for inguinal hernia repair.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
The choice of approach to the laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia is controversial. There is a scarcity of data comparing the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) approach with the laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach and que
- Transarterial (chemo)embolisation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in more than 600,000 deaths per year. Transarterial embolisation (TAE) and transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) have become standard loco-regional treatments for unresectable HCC.
- Transdermal nicotine for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2008
Ulcerative colitis is largely a disease of nonsmokers. Intermittent smokers often experience improvement in their symptoms while smoking. Nonsmokers with ulcerative colitis who begin smoking may go into remission. Randomized controlled trials were develop
