Showing 401-420 of 575 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pregnancy and childbirth 
- Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2011
Parenteral opioids are used for pain relief in labour in many countries throughout the world.
- Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra-abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2008
There are two common techniques for postoperative pain control after intra-abdominal surgery: patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous opioids and continuous epidural analgesia (CEA). It is uncertain which method has better pain control and few
- Pelvimetry for fetal cephalic presentations at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Pelvimetry assesses the size of a woman's pelvis aiming to predict whether she will be able to deliver or not. This can be done by clinical examination, or by conventional x-rays, computerised tomography scanning, or magnetic resonance imaging.
- Peri-implantation glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
In order to improve embryo implantation for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles the use of glucocorticoids has been advocated. It has been proposed that glucocorticoids may improve the intrauterine environment by
- Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jan-2012
Most vaginal births are associated with some form of trauma to the genital tract. The morbidity associated with perineal trauma is significant, especially when it comes to third- and fourth-degree tears. Different perineal techniques and interventions are
- Perioperative antibiotics to prevent infection after first-trimester abortion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2012
There are two main strategies for the prevention of post-abortal upper genital tract infection: antibiotics given around the time of surgery for all women; and 'screen-and-treat', in which all women presenting for abortion are screened for genital infecti
- Pharmacologic Interventions for Pregnant Women Enrolled in Alcohol Treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2009
Excessive alcohol use during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal effects. It is therefore important to develop and evaluate effective interventions during this important time in a woman's life. To our knowledge there have been
- Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2011
Preterm infants are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage (PVH). Phenobarbital might prevent ischaemic injury or reduce fluctuations in blood pressure and blood flow in the brain.
- Piracetam for fetal distress in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2012
Piracetam is thought to promote the metabolism of brain cells when they are hypoxic. It has been used to prevent adverse effects of fetal distress.
- Placental cord drainage after vaginal delivery as part of the management of the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2011
Cord drainage in the third stage of labour involves unclamping the previously clamped and divided umbilical cord and allowing the blood from the placenta to drain freely into an appropriate receptacle.
- Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2011
Poor outcomes after breech birth might be the result of underlying conditions causing breech presentation or due to factors associated with the delivery.
- Planned caesarean section for women with a twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2011
Twin pregnancies are associated with increased perinatal mortality, mainly related to prematurity, but complications during birth may contribute to perinatal loss or morbidity. The option of planned caesarean section to avoid such complications must there
- Planned early birth versus expectant management (waiting) for prelabour rupture of membranes at term (37 weeks or more)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Prelabour rupture of membranes at term is managed expectantly or by elective birth, but it is not clear if waiting for birth to occur spontaneously is better than intervening.
- Planned early birth versus expectant management for women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes prior to 37 weeks' gestation for improving pregnancy outcome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2010
Delivery after preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) may be initiated soon after PPROM or, alternatively, be delayed. It is unclear which strategy is most beneficial for mothers and their babies.
- Planned elective repeat caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for women with a previous caesarean birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2012
When a woman has had a previous caesarean birth, there are two options for her care in a subsequent pregnancy: planned elective repeat caesarean or planned vaginal birth. While there are risks and benefits for both planned elective repeat caesarean birth
- Planned home versus hospital care for preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) prior to 37 weeks' gestation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2010
Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) is associated with increased risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women with PPROM have been predominantly managed in hospital. It is possible that selected women could be managed at home af
- Plasma volume expansion for suspected impaired fetal growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2010
Failure of the normal expansion of plasma volume in the mother is associated with impaired fetal growth and pre-eclampsia.
- Plasma volume expansion for treatment of pre-eclampsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Plasma volume is reduced amongst women with pre-eclampsia. This association has led to the suggestion that expanding the plasma volume might improve maternal and uteroplacental circulation, and so potentially improve outcome for both the woman and her bab
- Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2012
For centuries, there has been controversy around whether being upright (sitting, birthing stools, chairs, squatting, kneeling) or lying down have advantages for women delivering their babies.
- Post-embryo transfer interventions for in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Techniques for embryo transfer (ET) are being developed, optimized, and standardized to provide the best outcomes.This includes methods to reduce the risk of embryo loss following ET.
