Showing 1-20 of 273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Trauma and injuries 
- Acupuncture for acute management and rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2011
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be life threatening depending on the severity of the insult to the brain. It can also cause a range of debilitating sequelae which require cognitive, motor, communication, emotional, or behavioral rehabilitation of varying
- Advanced trauma life support training for hospital staff
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2009
Injury is responsible for an increasing global burden of death and disability. As a result, new models of trauma care have been developed. Many of these, though initially developed in high-income countries (HICs), are now being adopted in low and middle-i
- Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-2009
Intimate partner abuse is common in all societies and damages the health of survivors and their children in the short and long term. Advocacy may decrease the impact of this abuse on women's health.
- Alcohol and drug screening of occupational drivers for preventing injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2009
Workforce alcohol and drug testing is commonplace but its effect in reducing occupational injuries remains unclear.
- Alcohol ignition interlock programmes for reducing drink driving recidivism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2008
An ignition interlock device is part of a multi-dimensional programme aimed at reducing recidivism in convicted drink drivers. To operate a vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device, the driver must first provide a breath specimen. If the breath
- Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2011
Osteoporosis is an abnormal reduction in bone mass and bone deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Alendronate belongs to the bisphosphonate class of drugs, which act to inhibit bone resorption by interfering with the activity of osteoclasts.
- Alkalinisation for organophosphorus pesticide poisoning
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2010
Poisoning with organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The case-fatality for intentional self-poisoning is around 10 to 20% even when the standard antidotes (atrop
- Aloe vera for treating acute and chronic wounds
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2011
Aloe vera is a cactus-like perennial succulent belonging to the Liliaceae Family that is commonly grown in tropical climates. Animal studies have suggested that Aloe vera may help accelerate the wound healing process.
- Aminosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of premature death and disability. Post-traumatic membrane lipid peroxidation has been proposed as one mechanism leading to secondary brain damage following head injury. Aminosteroids have been shown to inhibit li
- Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
The majority of people with hip fracture are treated surgically, requiring anaesthesia.
- Anaesthesia for treating distal radial fracture in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem, particularly in older white women with osteoporosis. Anaesthesia is usually provided during manipulation of displaced fractures or during surgical treatment.
- Antibiotic policies for short-term catheter bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Urinary tract infections account for about 40% of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections, and about 80% of urinary tract infections acquired in hospital are associated with urinary catheters.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2008
Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms. Dog and cat bites are the most common and people are usually bitten by their own pets or by an animal known to them. School-age children make up
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2011
Basilar skull fractures (BSF) predispose patients to meningitis because of the possible direct contact of bacteria in the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx or middle ear with the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage has been associ
- Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in Issue 3, 2004 and previously updated in 2007.
- Antibiotics for preventing infection in open limb fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2009
Wound and bone infections are frequently associated with open fractures of the extremities and may add significantly to the resulting morbidity. The administration of antibiotics is routinely practised in developed countries as an adjunct to a comprehensi
- Antibiotics versus placebo for prevention of postoperative infection after appendicectomy.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2008
Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention. The cause of appendicitis is unclear and the mechanism of pathogenesis continues to be debated. Despite improved asepsis and surgical techniques, postoperative
- Anticholinergic drugs versus other medications for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Overactive bladder syndrome is defined as "urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia". It is a common condition with significant economic and quality of life implications. While the condition's pathophysiology remains
- Anticholinergic medication for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2010
Neuroleptic medication is used extensively to treat people with chronic mental illnesses. However, it is associated with a wide range of adverse effects, including movement disorders. Because of this, many acutely psychotic patients being treated with neu
- Anticholinergics for neuroleptic-induced acute akathisia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Neuroleptic-induced akathisia is one of the most common and distressing early-onset adverse effects of first generation 'typical' antipsychotic drugs. It is associated with poor compliance with treatment, and thus, ultimately, with an increased risk of re
