Showing 1-20 of 630 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Respiratory 
- Acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2012
Routine use of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines was suspended in some countries in the 1970s and 1980s because of concerns about adverse effects. Following such action, there was a resurgence of whooping cough. Acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines, contain
- Acid reflux treatment for hoarseness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Acid reflux is a common problem, and is thought to occur in 4% to 10% of patients presenting to ENT clinics. A recent study of reflux and voice disorders suggests that up to 55% of patients with hoarseness (dysphonia) have laryngopharyngeal reflux. Anti-r
- Action plans with limited patient education only for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2010
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease characterised by exacerbations, usually infective in origin, which affect symptoms and quality of life. Action plans may help individuals recognise a deterioration in their symptoms and
- Active chest compression-decompression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2010
Active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACDR CPR) uses a hand-held suction device, applied mid-sternum, to compress the chest then actively decompress the chest after each compression. Randomised controlled trials testing this devi
- Active cycle of breathing technique for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience chronic airway infections as a result of mucus build up within the lungs. Repeated infections often cause lung damage and disease. Airway clearance therapies aim to improve mucus clearance, increase sputum produ
- Addition of anti-leukotriene agents to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2011
Anti-leukotriene (AL) agents are being considered as 'add-on' therapy to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), in chronic asthma.
- Addition of intravenous aminophylline to beta2-agonists in adults with acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2008
Aminophylline has been used extensively in acute asthma, but its role is unclear especially with respect to any additional benefit when added to beta2-agonists.
- Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids versus same dose inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Apr-2010
Long-acting inhaled ß2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) are recommended as 'add-on' medication to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the maintenance therapy of asthmatic adults and children aged two years and above.
- Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids as first line therapy for persistent asthma in steroid-naive adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2010
Consensus statements recommend the addition of long-acting inhaled ß2-agonists (LABA) only in asthmatic patients who are inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It is not uncommon for some patients to be commenced on ICS and LABA togethe
- Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids versus higher dose inhaled steroids in adults and children with persistent asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
In asthmatic patients inadequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids and/or those with moderate persistent asthma, two main options are recommended: the combination of a long-acting inhaled ß2 agonist (LABA) with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or use o
- Addition of long-acting beta-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jan-2010
Long-acting ß2- agonists (LABA) in combination with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are increasingly prescribed in asthmatic children.
- Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jul-2011
Asthma patients who continue to experience symptoms despite being on regular inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) represent a management challenge. Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) or anti-leukotrienes (LTRA) are two treatment options that could be considered a
- Adenoidectomy for recurrent or chronic nasal symptoms in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2010
Adenoidectomy, surgical removal of the adenoids, is a common ENT operation worldwide in children with recurrent or chronic nasal symptoms. A systematic review on the effectiveness of adenoidectomy in this specific group has not previously been performed.
- Adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2011
Current treatment of sleep apnoea in children consists of largely surgical based treatments. Adenotonsillectomy is the most commonly used intervention to treat sleep apnoea in children.
- Adjunctive corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV-infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) remains the most common opportunistic infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among patients with HIV infection and PCP the mortality rate is 10 to 20% during the initial infection
- Adjuvant antiviral therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published in Issue 4, 2005 of The Cochrane Library.
- Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2011
Acute respiratory infection is a common reason for people to present for medical care. Advice to increase fluid intake is a frequent treatment recommendation. Attributed benefits of fluids include replacing increased insensible fluid losses, correcting de
- Aerosolized prostacyclin for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2010
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are critical conditions that are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Aerosolized prostacyclin has been used to improve oxygenation despite the limited evidence available so f
- Airway clearance techniques for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Feb-2012
Cough and sputum production are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) aim to remove sputum from the lungs, however evidence of their efficacy during acu
- Alexander technique for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2010
'The Alexander technique' is a taught form of physical therapy involving a series of movements designed to correct posture and bring the body into natural alignment with the object of helping it to function efficiently, and is reported to aid relaxation.
